17.10.2009 | 02:01
Alžjóšlegur matar dagur, dagur įn matar!
A "silent tsunami" of hunger is sweeping the world's most desperate nations
Sķšan er lišiš meira en įr! Ķ grein sem birtist ķ Guardian žann 11. Október sķšastlišin segir mešal annars
"There is a silent tsunami [of hunger] gathering. You cannot see or hear it, but it's in all these villages, killing people just as hard. This is the worst food crisis since the 1970s. We will lose a generation. Children will never recover," said Sheeran.
Sķšan efnahagskreppan į vesturlöndum skall į fyrir um įri hefur įstandiš versnaš til muna hjį fįtękari rķkjum, bęši vegna žessa aš kreppan kemur haršast nišur į fįtękum rķkjum en einnig vegna žess aš framlög til stofnana eins og WFP hafa minkaš mikiš į sama tķma og veriš er aš bjarga fjįrmįlgeiranum fyrir margfaldar upphęšir samanboriš viš neyšarhjįlp. Einnig hefur uppskerubrestur valdiš miklum vandamįlum. Tališ er aš žeim sem glķma viš matarskort hafir fjölgaš um 150 milljónir į einu įri.
Efnahagskreppan hefur opinberaš enn frekar hręsni og sjįlfhverfu vestręnnar valdaelķtu sem hefur meiri įhuga į aš bjarga fjįrmįlageiranum heldur en aš takast į viš mestu ógn sem stešjar aš mannkyninu um žessar mundir. Samkvęmt WFP bżr nś 1/6 hluti mannkyns viš matarskort og sį fjöldi fer vaxandi vegna žess aš "markašurinn" hefur leyft matarverši aš hękka verulega undanfarin įr og vegna sķminnkandi framlaga vestręnna rķkja til neyšarhjįlpar. Guardian greininni lżkur į žessum oršum
Aid agencies last night urged rich countries to pledge more. "We are very concerned about the large budget shortfall faced by WFP, which means the programme has to cut the food rations to millions of people who rely on this assistance for their very survival," said Fred Mousseau, Oxfam's humanitarian policy adviser. "This will translate into more child deaths, with more than 16,000 children already dying from hunger-related causes every day."
Oxam samtökin telja aš nś žegar deyi 16000 börn į hverjum degi sem rekja megi til vannęringar.
En er hungursneiš ķ heiminum einungis til komin vegna kreppunnar og skorts į matvęlahjįlp?
Er hugsanlegt aš skeytingarleysi vestręnna stjórnvalda gagnvart žessari sķvaxandi og skelfilegu ógn stafi žvķ aš vandamįliš er bein afleyšing af žeirra eigin stefnu og į žeim bęnum sé vandamįliš einfaldlega ekki tališ skipta nęgilegu mįli til aš gera žęr breytingar sem žarf. Žaš er stašreynd aš mörg žeirra landa žar sem hungursneiš rķkir, t.d. Haķti, hafa frjósama jörš sem gęti aušveldlega fullnęgt mataržörf allra. Žaš er stašreynd aš nęgur matur er framleiddur til aš uppfylla nęringaržörf 11.5 milljarša en fjöldi fólks į Jöršinni er į bilinu 6.7 milljaršar. Breytingar sem hafa oršiš į landbśnaši ķ heiminum eru aš stórum hluta til vegna stefnu sem hefur veriš komiš į fyrir tilstušlan stofnana eins og Alžjóša višskiptastofnunarinnar (WTO), Alžjóšabankans og AGS. Stefna sem gerir alžjóša fyrirtękjum kleyft aš fęra sig milli landa višnįmslķtiš og hefur aš miklu leiti galopnaš landamęri žrišjaheimsrķkja fyrir fjįrmagnsflęši. Žessar stofnanir hafa einnig grafiš undan réttindum launafólks, hrakiš smįbęndur frį jöršum sķnum og minnkaš regluverkiš sem fyrirtęki žurfa aš lśta verulega. žessi hugmyndafręši sem oft er kennd viš alžjóšavęšingu og nż-frjįlshyggju hefur skert getu žrišja heims rķkja til aš sjį fólki žar farborša og sama stefna hefur séš til aš sama fólk hefur ekki efni į aš kaupa mat.
Ķ Democracy now žann 14.Október sķšastlišin var vištal viš Devinder Sharma um sķvaxandi hungursneiš ķ heiminum og orsakir hennar. ķ upphafi vištalsins segir Sharma,
Well, lets be, first, very clear. You know, there is no shortage of food in the world. You know, we have about 6.7 billion people on the earth, and we produce food for 11.5 billion people. Theres no shortage. Its only that one part of the world is eating more, and one part of the world is starving. And I think thats a distribution problem, the critical problem that we need to address.
But then, in the process of all this, comes the issue of corporate control over food, the speculation that we see through future trading, which drives the prices high. The corporations make money; the poor people are deprived of food. So we see a kind of a nexus operating here. And as the World Food Program mentioned, you know, that there is a kind of a crisis that we see, number of hungry is multiplying. But I think what they refrain from saying is that it is because of the kind of agriculture that has been pushed into the world, especially now the developing world, that we are faced with the crisis. In fact, the crisis is going to exacerbate in the days to come. And that is my worry, and I think we are not drawing any lesson from where we have gone wrong.
Meš öšrum oršum žaš alžjóšavędda markašskerfi sem viš bśum viš, gengur fyrst og fremst śt į aš hįmarka gróša fyrirtękja įn tillits til žess hvort allir fįi mat. Nżjasta śtspiliš ķ misnotkuninni į žrišja heiminum sem alžjóšavęšingin leišir til er žaš sem kallast " outsourcing food production" eša "global land grab, food pirates". Fyrirbęriš felst ķ žvķ aš rķkistjórnir sem hafa nęga fjįrmuni geta leigt eša keypt land ķ fįtękum žrišja heims löndum og framleitt žar mat fyrir eigin žjóšir. Žetta gerist išulega ķ löndum žar sem hungur er alvarlegt vandamįl. Ķ vištalinu viš Sharma kemur fram,
You know, let me give you an example. Ethiopia is one country that we always know has issues with starvation and hunger. There are five million people who live in hunger in Ethiopia. And youll be surprised. Eight thousand companies are vying for buying land in Ethiopia, including eighty from India. And the government of Ethiopia has already agreed that of the 2.7 million hectares that it wants to make available to these companies ... Not for Africa, but for, you know, domestic consumptions back home.
Ežķópķa er meš öšrum oršum eitt af žeim löndum žar sem erlendar rķkistjórnir og fyrirtęki eru aš fį til afnota land til aš tryggja matvęlaöryggi einhvers stašar ķ Evrópu eša mišausturlöndum. Er hęgt aš hugsa sér meiri vanviršingu viš fįtękt fólk žrišja heimsins žegar žaš žykir ešlilegt aš ķ landi, žar sem 5 miljónir lifa viš hungur, sé ręktanlegt land notaš til aš tryggja matvęlaöryggi hjį fólki sem bżr viš ofgnótt.
Ķ fyrirlestri sem Noam Chomsky hélt ķ New York žann 12. Jśnķ sķšastlišin og bar yfirskriftina "Crisis and Hope: Theirs and Ours". Fyrirlesturinn fjallar almennt um heimskreppuna, orsakir afleyšingar og hvernig hagsmunir žeirra valdamestu ganga įvallt fyrir. Mjög įhugavert er aš velta fyrir sér hvenęr fariš var aš tala um kreppu į vesturlöndum. žį var įstandiš fyrir löngu oršiš skelfilegt hjį mörgum žrišja heims rķkjum og hungursneišin farin aš nį nżjum hęšum. Ķ fyrirlestrinum kemur mešal annars fram,
We might, incidentally, remember that when the British landed in whats now Bangladesh, they were stunned by its wealth and splendor. And it didnt take very long for it to be on its way to become the very symbol of misery, not by an act of God.
Well, the fate of Bangladesh should remind us that the terrible food crisis is not just a result of Western lack of concern. In large part, it results from very definite and clear concerns of the global managers, namely for their own welfare. Its always well to keep in mind a astute observation by Adam Smith about policy formation in England. He recognized that what he called the principal architects of policyin his day, the merchants and manufacturersmake sure that their own interests are most peculiarly attended to, however grievous the impact on others ... His observation, in fact, is one of the few solid and enduring principles of international and domestic affairs well to keep in mind.
Hungursneyšin ķ heiminum er ekki einungis vegna įhugleysis į vesturlöndum heldur er hśn bein afleišing af žvķ aš vestręn stjórnvöld og aušvald huga fyrst og fremst aš eigin hagsmunum, óhįš žvķ hversu skelfilegar afleišingarnar kunna aš vera fyrir ašra.
Ķslendinga eiga aš leggja sitt af mörkum og leggja umtalsveršar fjįrhęšir ķ stofnanir eins og WFP til aš takast į viš žaš neiarįstand sem nś rķkir, en žaš dugar skammt. Viš Ķslendingar endum ekki hungur ķ heiminum, en viš getum lagt okkar aš mörkum ķ barįttunni gegn vandamįlum žrišja heimsins meš žvķ aš vera fordęmi og vera aš fyrsta Evrópužjóšin sem setur aušvaldinu stólinn fyrir dyrnar. Viš getum tekiš upp sjįlfbęra efnahagsstefnu sem mišar fyrst og fremst aš žvķ aš tryggja velferš og öryggi allra sem bśa hér. Viš getum neitaš aš sętta okkur viš žaš, aš fólk eigi ekki fyrir mat, aš fólk missi heimili sķn eša hafi ekki ašgang aš heilsugęslu. Viš getum krafist žess aš hagsmunir almennings gangi fyrir svoköllušum fjįrhagslegum skuldbindingum. Meš žvķ aš byggja upp samfélag sem leggur manngildi ofar aušgildi veršum viš fordęmi sem ašrir geta fylgt. Ef viš tryggjum fyrst hagsmuni žeirra sem minnst mega sķn žį erum viš aš hjįlpa meira til ķ barįttunni viš hungur en nokkur matvęlaašstoš sem viš getum veitt.
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